| Physics in Higher Education
V. 4, N 1, 1998 Contents
Abstracts
Integration: Study-Scientific Centre "Optics and Spectroscopy" This material, presented by the administration of the Centre, contains a description of this organisation, which started its operation in the past year. The paper presents the main goals of the centre; its structure, made up of various divisions of the Lebedev Physical Institute, Moscow State University, the Moscow Physical-Technical Institute, and the Moscow Physical-Engineering Institute; a description of the facilities and methodical opportunities available, and steps that have been done in the framework of the Centre during 1997.
Continuous Physics Education in a "General School-University" System: Epistemological Roots and Perspectives V. M. Samsonov Tver' State University, Tver' Russian traditions in continuous education and their revival under modern conditions are described. A theoretical basis for an integrated course concerning an introduction to the history of physics and the methodology of modern science is presented. Experience in accustoming senior students with scientific research activities is also described. An outline of a study plan and basic course on the history of physics and scientific methodology is presented.
Study of the Fundamental Equations of Electrodynamics in University-Level Physics Laboratories Yu. K. Kabasov Trekhgornii Polytechnical Institute of the Moscow State Engineering -Physical Institute, Physics Department, ul. Mira 17, Trekhgornii, 456080 Chelyabinsk oblast' A laboratory exercise dedicated to the study of the generation of a magnetic field by the variable electric field of a capacitor is described. The magnetic field is registered using a measurement-coil method based on the phenomenon of electromagnetic induction. In the laboratory exercise, the study of these two closely related fundamental phenomena is carried out on the basis of the corresponding Maxwell equations. The installation described has been approved, and can be used in university-level physics laboratories.
Physics Laboratory Work at Krasnoyarsk State University in the Framework of University-Research Institute Cooperation L. V. Kashkina*, L. S. Tarasova**, and E. A. Denisova*** * Krasnoyarsk State University The article is dedicated to an analysis of special physics laboratory work designed for 4th-year students of an inter-university engineering-physics program between Krasnoyarsk State University, the Siberian Aerospace Academy, and the Science Research Institute in Krasnoyarsk. Four years of experience with the laboratory program is described. It is shown that, under modern conditions, university-research institute cooperation is an effective instrument for activating the study process.
A Cycle of Laboratory Work on the Theme "Nuclear and Elementary Particle Physics" for a General Physics Course V. A. Loshkarev, V. N. Levshenkov, N. A. Tenyakova, P. V. Nikitin, Stavropolskii Military Engineering Communication College A complex of scientific-research laboratory work concerning the basis of nuclear and elementary particle physics, together with applied problems in elementary nuclear physics, is described. The complex includes tasks in spectroscopy, radiometry, dosimetry, nuclear-physical analysis of the composition of materials, and other tasks associated with the measurement of ionizing radiation.
A Specialized Laboratory On Image Processing V. B. Kashkin and T. V. Rubleva Krasnoyarsk State University, pr. Svobodnii 79, 660062 Krasnoyarsk Specialized laboratory work for students of the Krasnoyarsk State University and the Siberian Aerospace Academy based on processing images from the Science-Research Physical-Technical Institute of Krasnoyarsk State University is described. An IBAS-2000 (Germany) digital image-processing complex is used. The main goal of the laboratory work is study of digital methods for the processing of images, such as aerial photographs of wooded territory, areas of the night sky, X-ray and electron-scanning images, and electron microscopy images of various surfaces. Various algorithms for filtering, improvement, and recognition of images and for estimating the parameters of objects in images are studied.
Study of the Inertial Characteristics of a Rigid Body in a General Physics Laboratory E. I. Vasil'ev, A. M. Saletskii, and A. I. Slepkov Physics Department, Moscow State University New general physics laboratory work dedicated to the study of the inertial characteristics of a rigid body is described. During the experiment, the components of the inertia tensor are determined in an arbitrarily chosen coordinate system that is fixed to the body. The experiment is based on the relation between the components of the inertia tensor and the moments of inertia of the body during rotation about a fixed axis.
Content and Techniques for Teaching Physics Courses in Professional-Pedagogical Universities A. S. Borukhovich Ural State Professional-Pedagogical University, Ekaterinburg Certain innovations in techniques for teaching general physics courses and some specialized courses in engineering and humanities departments of professional-pedagogical universities are presented. These are oriented toward engaging the interest of students in studying natural science disciplines.
Investigation of diamagnetic-cavity creation by laser-produced plasma in strong transverse magnetic field A. Kasperczuk1, T. Pisarczyk1, and Yu. P. Zakharov2 1 Institute of Plasma Physics and Laser Microfusion, 23 Hery St., 00-908
Warsaw 49, Poland. The paper presents results of investigations of the process of creation of a diamagnetic cavity by a laser-produced plasma in a strong transverse magnetic field of 10T in induction. The plasma was produced from a flat teflon target by an Nd laser of 5J in energy and about 1ns in pulse duration. The investigations were carried on by means of a three-frame interferometry and a non-contact magnetic probe, so called "remote" magnetic probe (RMP). For the needs of this work, we developed a methodology for the measurement of dimensions of the cavity during its expansion by means of the RMP, taking into account the plasma expansion geometry specific to flat targets. The dynamics of the process of creation of the diamagnetic cavity, its shape and dimensions have been determined. A very good consistency of dimensions of the diamagnetic cavity in steady state obtained with both diagnostics has been proved. The Necessity of Fundamental Preparation in Physics for the Modern Engineer T. S. Dneprovskaya N.E. Zhukovskii Military Air Force Academy, Moscow, Russia The article argues for the necessity of fundamental preparation in physics for modern engineers working with the construction and use of electronic apparatuses.
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