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V. 3, N 4, 1997 Contents 7 Fluctuations Ideas and Generalize Uncertainties Relations in Physics Education A.D. Sukhanov 11 Resources of the Global Information Highways for Teaching General Physics Courses V. A. Aleshkevich and N. A. Sukhareva Akira Hatano 26 Computer Modeling of Physics Experiments in Teaching a Course in Atomic and Nuclear Physics I. A. Zhukov 30 Measurement of Force Impulses During Collisions A. Yu. Begun, M. V. Semenov, and A. A. Yakuta 41 The Use of a Force Meter to Study Mechanical Oscillations A. Yu. Begun, M. V. Semenov, and A. A. Yakuta 50 An Automated Demonstration Experiment Using an Angular Displacement Meter A. Yu. Begun, M. V. Semenov, and A. A. Yakuta A. V. Shil'nikov and L. V. Zhoga A. V. Shil'nikov, M. D. Katrich et al 71 The Study of Friction in Physics Courses A. N. Gordeev 86 Modeling of Physical Processes in Real Oscillatory Systems A. A. Chervova 88 Some Problems in Creating Physics Courses for University Students with Non-physics Majors L. G. Antoshina, V. I. Nedel'ko, and B. A. Strukov V. M. Deryabin and L. A. Platonova 100 Integrating Themes in Physics Courses for Natural Science University Students V. I. Yakimenko 103 Object-Oriented Application of Electronic Techniques in a General-Education Physics Course V. V. Laptev 111 A Computer Medium for Physics Teachers S. A. Bogdanov, B. D. Kurykin, and E. A. Loktyushina 115 A System for Entrance Testing of Knowledge of School-level Physics Courses N. A. Yaryshev, V. A. Komarov et al 120 A Course in Experimental Physics in A System for Teacher Preparation A. V. Petrov 124 Undergraduate Research Using Computers as a Form of Preparing Physics and Astronomy Teachers L. V. Zhukov, V. P. Pronin, and I. I. Sokolova 128 Didactic Computer Games in Physics A. S. Kamenev, A. M. Korotkov, and A. V. Shtyrov 132 Physics as a Foundation for Natural-Science Education in Pedagogical Universities L. N. Zavarykina, M. Yu. Korolev, L. V. Koroleva, and I. V. Lavrova 137 A Pedagogical-Mathematical Model for a Computer-Assisted Educational Process T. V. Kotyrlo, V. V. Evstigneev, T. V. Makarova, A. V. Makarov, and A. V. Danil'chenko 144 The Content of Lecture Courses on Optics in Pedagogical Institutes Yu. A. Gorokhovatskii, I. I. Khudyakova, and O. V. Chistyakova 147 The Path to Modernizing University Courses in General Physics V. M. Grabov 153 Information, abstracts, advertisements Abstracts Fluctuations Ideas and Generalize Uncertainties Relations in Physics Education A.D. Sukhanov A principle role of fluctuations ideas in general physics education is discussed. The paper deals with the situations when it is important the uncontrollable influence of the environment on the object including J.Gibbs' statistical thermodynamics. It is concluded the system integrity is reflected in the restrictions of the possible fluctuations values of object and environment physical characteristics - in the uncertainties relations. In these relations Boltzman's constant appears as the fundamental quantity in addition to Plank's constant. Resources of the Global Information Highways for Teaching General Physics Courses V. A. Aleshkevich and N. A. Sukhareva Infrastructural elements for informational support for educational cycles recommended for use in universities, and eventually, in Russian schools are developed on the basis of the informational accompaniment for a specific university course. Physics Education in University of Japan under Recent Reform: A Case of the University of Tokyo as an Example Akira Hatano A critical analysis is given of the situation in higher education in Japan that has come about as a result of recent reforms initiated by the Japanese government (based on the example of Tokyo University). General fundamental education (in particular, physics education) in Japan is in a precarious situation. Computer Modeling of Physics Experiments in Teaching a Course in Atomic and Nuclear Physics I. A. Zhukov An attempt is undertaken to include modern technical equipment - a personal computer and a complex of special programs written in Turbo Pascal and Turbo Basic - in a university course on atomic and nuclear physics including quantum mechanics and the structure of matter. Measurement of Force Impulses During Collisions A. Yu. Begun, M. V. Semenov, and A. A. Yakuta The article describes the use of a force meter based on a differential transformer in an automated, quantitative demonstration experiment on the measurement of force impulses during collisions and the verification of Newton's second law. The Use of a Force Meter to Study Mechanical Oscillations A. Yu. Begun, M. V. Semenov, and A. A. Yakuta The article describes the use of a force meter in an automated, quantitative demonstration experiment on the study of mechanical oscillations that uses an autoregression method for frequency estimation. An Automated Demonstration Experiment Using an Angular Displacement Meter A.Yu. Begun, M. V. Semenov, and A. A. Yakuta The use of an angular displacement meter in an automated, quantitative demonstration experiment on the study of mechanical oscillations is described. The Place of the Lecture Experiment in Physics Courses at the Volgograd State Architectural-Construction Academy A. V. Shil'nikov and L. V. Zhoga The article emphasizes that demonstration experiments during lectures can facilitate an improved understanding of various topics in physics courses. Lecture experiments used at the Volgograd State Architectural-Construction Academy are briefly described. The Organization of Independent Student Work in Physics Courses at the Volgograd State Architectural-Construction Academy A. V. Shil'nikov, M. D. Katrich, V. A. Fedorokhin, L. I. Cherkasova, N. M. Galiyarova, E. G. Nadolinskaya, N. E. Chebotareva, and L. A. Vasil'eva The process of constructing and organizing outside-of-lecture work of students in physics courses is described. Some methodical principles and methods helping to remove complex problems in physics teaching are also described. The Study of Friction in Physics Courses A. N. Gordeev The article emphasizes the importance of studying friction in physics courses, since it can provide a limited connection between such important topics as mechanics and molecular physics. Attention is paid to the practical aspects of this phenomenon in technical work, together with its diagnostic value for the students. Modeling of Physical Processes in Real Oscillatory Systems A. A. Chervova An "Elektronika C5-02" microcomputer is used as a modeling instrument in order to study the physical processes in real oscillatory systems (circuits, pendula, etc.). Some Problems in Creating Physics Courses for University Students with Non-physics Majors L. G. Antoshina, V. I. Nedel'ko, and B. A. Strukov The article concerns the experience of the general physics department of Moscow State University in solving the problem of joining a formal-logical system of physics education with its ideological aspects, in order to unify the positive sides of both approaches. A Complex Approach to Solving the Problem of Professionalization of Physics Courses for a Chemistry Speciality V. M. Deryabin and L. A. Platonova The article presents a basis for providing a physics course for natural science (non-physics) specialities in universities with professional orientations. A path for solving this problem for a speciality in chemistry is considered, based on the experience of the authors. Integrating Themes in Physics Courses for Natural Science University Students V. I. Yakimenko A method for integrating themes in physics courses for natural science university students is proposed. The aim of this method is to preserve the integral picture of physical phenomena against the background of processes in the geographical surroundings and ecosphere. Object-Oriented Application of Electronic Techniques in a General-Education Physics Course V. V. Laptev A method for including a game situation in the lesson structure of a general-education physics course is proposed. The game situation is based on a "Shannon labyrinth" device that uses electronic techniques to form five elements of a didactic cycle. A Computer Medium for Physics Teachers S. A. Bogdanov, B. D. Kurykin, and E. A. Loktyushina One possibility for an optimal solution to the problem of using computers in physics teaching in schools is presented. The construction of specialized computer media allowing the teacher to visualize physical processes and creating dynamic models for them is proposed. A System for Entrance Testing of Knowledge of School-level Physics Courses N. A. Yaryshev, V. A. Komarev, S. K. Stafeev, G. L. Bashnina, A. A. Korolev, A. V. Smirnov, and V. V. Vologzhanin Experience in organizing and conducting tests of basic knowledge of school-level physics among first-year students is discussed. Methods for adjusting the educational process in accordance with the test results are proposed. A Course in Experimental Physics in A System for Teacher Preparation A. V. Petrov The problems in introducing a course in experimental physics meeting state educational standards into existing educational programs for the preparation of physics teachers are discussed. The experience of the Volgograd State Pedagogical University with dividing such a course into stages and partially integrating it with other physics courses is presented. Undergraduate Research Using Computers as a Form of Preparing Physics and Astronomy Teachers L. V. Zhukov, V. P. Pronin, and I. I. Sokolova The problem of providing visualization and presenting models in astronomy (both for students of pedagogical institutes and astronomy school teachers) using computers with access to global informational networks is discussed. A number of undergraduate research projects on this topic containing methodically useful programs have been supervised by the authors. Didactic Computer Games in Physics A. S. Kamenev, A. M. Korotkov, and A. V. Shtyrov The article analyzes the positive and negative aspects of didactic computer games as one important element in an integrated didactic computer medium providing the use of effective modern technology in the study of physics. Three aspects of the game are discussed: operation, strategy, and content. Physics as a Foundation for Natural-Science Education in Pedagogical Universities L. N. Zavarykina, M. Yu. Korolev, L. V. Koroleva, and I. V. Lavrova The role of physics education in the natural science education of students at the baccalaureate or specialist level is discussed in connection with the transition of high school into a new, multi-level structure. A Pedagogical-Mathematical Model for a Computer-Assisted Educational Process T. V. Kotyrlo, V. V.
Evstigneev, T. V. Makarova, A. V. Makarov, and The possibilities for optimizing an educational process based on the use of modern informational technology are discussed. A pedagogical-mathematical model of the educational process is applied to determine the place and time for computer assistance in the educational process using an analog of the theorem of Shannon concerning optimal coding. The Content of Lecture Courses on Optics in Pedagogical Institutes Yu. A. Gorokhovatskii, I. I. Khudyakova, and O. V. Chistyakova The article is devoted to the problem of selecting material for lecture courses in optics for pedagogical universities, which arises because of the need to renew this material in accordance with modern achievements in the development of optics. The Path to Modernizing University Courses in General Physics V. M. Grabov The improvement of general physics courses lies in eliminating their lag behind the current state of science, especially in areas concerning the questions of dynamical instability and dynamical chaos, thermodynamics of systems that are far from equilibrium, probabilistic behavior, the directionality of time, and the evolution and development of systems. It would be optimal to include such topics in the traditional structure of general physics programs. The article is based on material presented at the international conference "Physics in the Modern Educational System 97". |