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JOURNAL of the MOSCOW PHYSICAL SOCIETY Series "B" V. 2, N. 2, 1996 8 A
differential approach to the study of physics in
technical universities ABSTRACTS A DIFFERENTIAL APPROACH TO THE STUDY OF PHYSICS IN TECHNICAL UNIVERSITIES G.G. Spirin Moscow State Aviation Institute (Technical University) In order to preserve high-quality engineering education, it is necessary to consider adapting the educational process, in particular for the training of students in physics under the particular conditions that have developed in technical colleges and universities. Two levels of physics teaching used in the physics department of MSAI are considered. PHYSICAL EXPERIMENT IN THE INTRODUCTORY PHYSICS COURSE A.D. Gladun Moscow State University of Technology "Stankin" Methodological significance of physical experiment in the introductory physics course is discussed. USING COMPUTERS TO PROMOTE STUDENT ACTIVITY IN LABORATORY LEANING T.A. Korobkova, A.A. Chervova Nizhny Novgorod Higher Command Air Defense Military School for Anti-Aircraft Missile The effectiveness of computer use in physics laboratory exercises is discussed. The expenditure of time for evaluation of learning and on computation is estimated. The "FORA" system for calculations for the laboratory exercise "Study of the temperature dependence of the specific electrical conductivity of a semiconductor" is described. The laboratory exercise "Study of the Doppler effect in acoustic waves", which was carried out using an original setup in our physics department, is also considered. FEATURES OF THE CREATION TESTING, AND CERTIFICATION OF EDUCATIONAL ENGINEERING S.A. Nikitin, V.P. Panov Russian Research-and-Production Association "ROSUCHPRIHOR" This article briefly presents historical information about the formation of the "ROSUCHPRIBOR" organization for the development and manufacture of educational engineering equipment. The procedure for the development, testing, manufacture, and certification of educational engineering equipment is stated, according to the standard OST 40.1.01-94 "Specialized educational engineering equipment for institutions of higher learning and special professional educational establishments. A system for the development of products for manufacture". Difficulties encountered during the solution of problems connected with the certification are noted. PROGRAM-ORIENTED PRACTICE IN MECHANICS V.V. Melnikov, M.B. Shapochkin, P.P. Shcherbakov Moscow Power-Engineering Institute (Technical University) A complete collection of four sets of exercises at a basic complexity level giving practice on the topic "The Kinematics and Dynamics of Translational and Rotational Motion" is presented. The material provided covers all main concepts and laws connected with this topic, as well as of conservation laws. OPTIMIZATION OF THE EDUCATIONAL PROCESS THROUGH COORDINATION OF LABORATORY EXERCISES AND WORK EXPERIENCE T.I. Gnitetskaya Fareast State University, Physical Faculty Vladivostok A technology for training based on the coordination of various forms and methods of laboratory and practical training is suggested. Such coordination results in a more logical construction of the educational process in accordance with certain fundamental principles. These include the formation of an overall picture of general physics courses based on interdisciplinary connections; the formation of physical skills and the ability solve physical problems; individualization; feedback between the teacher and student; and computerization of the education process. PHYSICAL LABORATORY AND WORK EXPERIENCE IN ENGINEERING COLLEGES AND UNIVERSITIES A.E. Aizentson Militaries Automobile Institute, Ryazan' In order to increase interest in the study of physics, it is necessary to tie in the educational material with the profile of a particular college or university; this also applies to the principle of educational continuity. In this case, the psychological gap between the introductory and specialized parts of education becomes smaller, and the shift from the former to the latter becomes smoother. TAKING ACCOUNT OF THE SPECIALIZATIONS OF STUDENTS IN GENERAL PHYSICS COURSES I.K. Vereshchagin, V.A. Nikitenko, S.M. Kokin, A.V. Pautkina, V.A. Seleznev Moscow State Railway University (MIIT) The main problems associated with taking account of students' future professions in a more complete way in general physics courses in technical universities are examined. Some possible ways of solving these problems are discussed using the "Physics-2" Department at Moscow Railroad University as an example. EDUCATIONAL ENGINEERING FOR RUSSIA: DEVICES, SETS, OR COMPLEXES? V.V. Svetozarov, Yu.V. Svetozarov Technological CENTRE "VLADIS" 115409, Moscow, Kashirskoe sh., 31, VLADIS, tel. (095) 323-9460 The didactic, technical, operational, and economic requirements for natural science equipment intended for use in institutes of higher education in Russia from 1994-200S are formulated. The realization of a wide set of experiments with varied contents and complexity in each working place, rapid setup of any experiment, and both deep and qualitative investigations for each experiment are needed. LABORATORY AND WORK EXPERIENCE IN PHYSICS AS INFORMATION TECHNOLOGY OFFERING DIRECT ACCESS TO THE OBJECT OF STUDY V.V. Svetozarov, correspondent member of International academy of information Yu.V. Svetozarov, candidate of technical sciences Technological CENTRE "VLADIS" 115409, Moscow, Kashirskoe sh., 31, VLADIS, tel. (095) 323-9460 The search for a match between the requirements for the informatization of education with the reality of the educational environment has led to the appearance of a new scientific direction in education - the creation of information technologies offering direct access to the object of study. This direction has been developed by the "VLADIS" technological center since l995. CULTIVATION OF ENGINEERING CREATIVITY IN STUDENT PHYSICS LABORATORIES Vladimir Romanenko -- Professor, Dr. Sci., Saint-Petersburg State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering Galina Nikitina -- Associate Professor, Dr. Sci, Saint-Petersburg Technological Institute Pavel Ovcharenko -- Senior Lecturer, M. Sci, Saint-Petersburg State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering A new educational method is described, based on a system of special questions which are asked of the students in a laboratory course. These questions should develop the engineering abilities of the students. Four special coefficients were introduced to test the development of such abilities (skills). The time dependence of these coefficients is described. It is shown that the time dependence of the level of students' creative abilities may be described by a logistical curve. Some theoretical basis for this curve is given. A COMPUTER EXPERIMENT FOR THE STUDY OF THE CURRENT-CARRYING ABILITY OF GRANULAR SUPERCONDUCTING FILMS A.A. Kosov, I.V. Savinykh Mariysky State University 424001, Yorshkal-Ola, Russia The results of a computer experiment for the study of the current-carrying ability of granular superconducting films are presented. A program for a specialized course is developed on the basis of the accumulated theoretical and experimental material. The development of computer laboratory exercises and their introduction into the educational process are discussed. THOUGHTS ON THE VALUE OF COMPUTER ASSISTED INSTRUCTION (CAI) Edo Nyland University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada e-mail: edo@phys.ualberta.ca A discussion of issues concerning Computer Assisted Instruction and its place in university-level teaching is presented. A POSSIBLE PROGRAM FOR THE DISCIPLINE "PHYSICS" RUSSIAN STATE COMMITTEE OF HIGHER EDUCATION A program for physics majors for areas 550 000 - technical sciences - and 540 000 - professional education - is stated. Possible topics for theoretical seminars, laboratory work, themes for exercises in demonstration classes, and recommended educational films on physics are presented. |