Physics in Higher Education
V. 21, № 2, 2015
The contents

5 Optimization of Natural Sciences Workshops in Technical Universities
N.V. Kalachev, S.M. Kokin, V.A. Nikitenko
13 Physics Students’ Exploratory Competences Formation Methodology within the Laboratory Session
I.M. Agibova, O.V. Fedina
25 On the History of  General Physics Practicum. Optics
V.I. Kozlov
31 The Problems in the Foundations of Quantum Physics inTechnical University
M.Yu. Konstantinov, A.N. Morozov, E.V. Smirnov
45 A Brief Derivation of the Formula for the Abraham Force
V.I. Tsoy
49 Research of Distribution of the Magnetic Field in the Multilayered Solenoid of Finite Length
N. P. Yurkevich, G.K. Sauchuk, P. G. Kuzhir
61 The Zeroth Law of Thermodynamics and Experiment with Three Vessels Containing Cold, Warm and Hot Water
G.M. Trunov
67 Methodic Recommendations for the Study of the Maxwell Distribution
E.N. Aksenova
82 Evolution of the Effectiveness Concept of the Thermal Machine: from Carnot, Clausius and Kelvin to Nuclear Energetic Plants
Yu.G. Rudoy, M.V. Syomin
89 About Numbers in Mathematics and in Physics
N.M. Kozhevnikov
97 Using Experimental Holography for Training Teachers of Physics
S.A. Pogozhikh
103 The Technology of the Physical Experiment: Sensitizated Photоconductivity
M.A. Goryaev, I.O. Popova, A.P. Smirnov
109 Teaching-Research Physics Laboratory Work of Students is a Condition for Improving the Quality of Specialists’ Training
O.F. Lapanik, I.M. Slabzhennikova
118 Computer 3D Modeling of Rotational Motion in Student’s Virtual Projects
A.V. Baranov
128 On the Problem of Practical Classes Arrangement for Students of a Civil Engineering Faculty of a University
D.V. Elakhovskiy
137 Technology of Formation of Critical Thinking in the Physical the Laboratory Practicum
A.V. Chernykh
145 Specificity Shaping Critical Thinking of Students of Technical Colleges in the Process of Learning Physics

PHYSICS IN HIGHER EDUCATION
Founders of the Journal:
Ministry of Education and Science of Russian Federation Moscow Physical Society
International Association of Developers and Manufactures of Educational Technology
The four-monthly journal ISSN 1609-3143
The journal is registered at the State Committee of the Russian Federation on the Press. Certificate of registration of the mass media no. 019360 dated November 2, 1999.

Journal Council
Oleg N. Krokhin – Prof., D. Sci., Academician of the Russian Academy of Sciences, P.N. Lebedev Physical Institute of RAS, National Research Nuclear University MEPhI (Moscow Engineering Physics Institute), (Editor-in-Chief)
Anatoliy D. Gladun — Prof., D. Sci., Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (State University), (Deputy Editor-in-Chief)
Nikolay P. Kalashnikov – Prof., D. Sci., National Research Nuclear University MEPhI (Moscow Engineering Physics Institute), (Deputy Editor-in-Chief)
Yuriy G. Rudoy — Prof., D. Sci., Russian People’s Friendship University, (DeputyEditor-in-Chief)
Mikhail B. Shapochkin – Prof., D. Sci., Chairman of the Board of Moscow Physical Society, (Deputy Editor-in-Chief)
Yuriy L. Kolesnikov — Prof., D. Sci., St. Petersburg National Research University of Information Technologies, Mechanics & Optics
Nikolay N. Kudryavtsev — Prof., D. Sci., Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (State University), Corresponding Member of Russian Academy of Sciences.
Mikhail N. Strikhanov — Prof., D. Sci., National Research Nuclear University MEPhI (Moscow Engineering Physics Institute)
Nikolay N. Sysoev— Prof., D. Sci., Lomonosov Moscow State University
Dmitry R. Khokhlov — Prof., D. Sci., Lomonosov Moscow State University. Corresponding
Member of Russian Academy of Sciences.
Editorial Board

Olga N. Golubeva — Prof., D. Sci., Russian People’s Friendship University
Yuriy A. Gorohovatskiy — Prof., D. Sci., Herzen State Pedagogical University of Russia, St. Petersburg
Irina N. Zavestovskaya — Prof., D. Sci., P.N. Lebedev Physical Institute of RAS, National Research Nuclear University MEPhI (Moscow Engineering Physics Institute)
Vladimir S. Lebedev— Prof., D. Sci., P.N. Lebedev Physical Institute of RAS, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology (State University)
Andrey N. Morozov — Prof., D. Sci., National Research Bauman Technical University
Yuriy S. Pesotskiy — Prof., D. Sci., ООО «RUSUCHPRIBOR»
Natalia S. Purysheva – Prof., D. Sci., Moscow Pedagogical State University Alexander M. Saleckiy – Prof., D. Sci., Lomonosov Moscow State University Gennadiy G. Spirin — Prof., D. Sci., Moscow Aviation Institute (National Research University) Galina P. Stefanova —Prof., D. Sci., Astrakhan State University

Executive Secretary
Nikolay V. Kalachev — Prof., D. Sci., Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, P.N. Lebedev Physical Institute of RAS, National Research Nuclear University MEPhI (Moscow Engineering Physics Institute)

Technical Edition
Pavel D. Berezin — technical editing, Publishing Service P.N. Lebedev Physical Institute of RAS
Tatyana Val. Alekseeva— engineer Publishing Service P.N. Lebedev Physical Institute of RAS
Tatyana Vik. Alekseeva — editor Publishing Service P.N. Lebedev Physical Institute of RAS

Phone: +7 (499) 132-66-51
E-mail: kalachev@sci.lebedev.ru Internet: pinhe.lebedev.ru

Optimization of Natural Sciences Workshops in Technical Universities
Nikolay V. Kalachev, Sergey M. Kokin*, Vladimir A. Nikitenko*
Financial University under Government of RF, NNRU MEPhI, *MIIT NKalachev@fa.ru,kokin2@mail.ru,nikitenko100@mail.ru
Received April 22, 2015                                                                                       PACS: 01.40.Fk

The authors developed and introduced a methodical system of organization of educational process aimed at optimization of the individual workshops studying some special subjects and the course of General Physics in the context of open education.
Keywords: methodical system, special courses, open education, optimization of the individual workshops.

References [in Russian]:

1. AfoninA.M.Remote problem-oriented Organization of workshops in the laboratory “RESEARCH” [text]/A.M. Afonin, N.V. Kalachev, A.N. Morozov // In materials of the XI international educational- methodical Conference “Modern physics workshop”, Minsk, BSU, January 2010, p. 114-116.
2. KalachevN.V.Experience using video educational systems as an element of physical workshop [text]

/N.V. Kalachev, S.M. Kokin, A.A. Krivchenkov, A.N. Morozov // In the proceedings of the International correspondence of scientific-practical Conference” Theoretical and applied problems of science and education in the 21 century” (Russia, Tambov, January 31, 2012) in 10 parts, part 5,
Tambov, Ed. «Biznes-Nauka TROO-society», 2012, page 71-72.

1. KalachevN.V.,KokinS.M.Optimization of workshops: theoretical aspects of teaching natural sciences

in terms of open education. The monograph. -Parmarium, Academic Publish. Berlin, 2013. –264 p.

1. KalachevN.V.,KokinS.M.Optimization of workshops: practical aspects of teaching natural sciences in terms of open education. The monograph. – Parmarium, Academic Publish. Berlin, 2013. – 268 p.
2. KalachevN.V.Methodical system of experimental training for physics students in the natural sciences. [text]: author’s abstract of Diss. doc. ped. Sciences. – М., 2013, the Typography of. Bauman Moscow State Technical University, 42 p.
3. KokinS.M.Teaching and Research: Lecture Demonstration “Comparison of Properties of Different Types of Magnets” [text] / S.M. Kokin, V.A. Nikitenko, S.G. Stoyukhin, E.A. Efremov, N.V. Kalachev

// Problems of School Physical Experiment: a Collection of Scientific Papers. Issue 25. — М.: ISMO
RAO, 2015. Materials of the 20-th all-Russian Scientific-practical Conference “Physical Training
Experiment: Actual Problems. Modern Solutions” – p. 28-29.

Physics Students’ Exploratory Competences Formation Methodology within the Laboratory Session
I.M. Agibova, O.V. Fedina
North Caucasus Federal University 355009, Stavropol, 1 Pushkin Street, Russia;
E-mail: fedina_ov@mail.ru
Received April 7, 2015                                                                                        PACS: 01.50.Qb

The authors have developed the physics students’ exploratory competences formation methodology within the laboratory session. The methodology stipulates that in addition to the laboratory works planned under the program the students perform the creative tasks which statements are made in three levels of difficulty. Physics students’ exploratory competences formation methodology is exposed by way of example of performance of the creative task on investigation of properties of nanomaterial – magnetic fluid. The results of experiment confirming the productivity of application of the described methodology to the laboratory session performance in higher school are presented.
Keywords: exploratory competences; practical session; creative tasks; magnetic fluid.

References

1. MatveevO.P.Formation of research competences of students on the basis of automatized laboratory session. Dis…cand. ped. sci.. Ekaterinburg. 2013. 227 p. [in Russian].
2. DumbaevaA.B.// Vestnik Buryat state university. 2012. No. 15. P. 40–44 [in Russian].
3. SemenovaG.M.// Yaroslavl pedagogical vestnik (Psychological and pedagogical sciences). 2011. Vol. II, No. 1. P. 163–167 [in Russian].
4. Fedina O.V.Formation of research competences of physics students within the scope of laboratory session on general physics course. Dis…cand. ped. sci. Ryazan’. 2011. 233 p. [in Russian].
5. KopylovaO.S.,Dikansky Yu.I., ZakinyanR.G.// Technical Physics. 2006. V. 76. No. 11. P. 30-35.
6. BaygentsJ.C.,RivetteN.J.,StoneH.A.// J. Fluid Mech., 1998. V. 368. P. 359–375.
7. Brazier-SmithP.R.,JenningsC.G.,LathamJ.// Proc. R. Soc. Lond. A. 1971. V. 325. P. 363–376.
8. FertmanV.E.Magnetic Fluids: Handbook. – Minsk: Vysshaya shkola . 1988. 184 p. [in Russian].

On the History of General Physics Practicum. Optics
Vladimir Ivanovich Kozlov
The Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991, Moscow, GSP-1, 1-2, Leninskiye Gory Faculty of Physics, General Physics Department, Moscow, Russia, e-mail: Kozlov1937@mail.ru
Received May 24, 2015                                                                                      PACS:  01.50. Pa

The year 2009 celebrated the century anniversary of the publication of the first physics practicum manual by professor of physics of the Moscow State University A.P. Sokolov [1]. Since that time a great number of laboratory works aimed at studying different physical phenomena and physics laws have been developed at the MSU and other higher education institutions in Russia and abroad. At the Faculty of Physics of Moscow State University educational textbooks and other teaching materials have been developed [2,3,4] taking into consideration the experience of different colleges in Russia and abroad as well as publications in Physical Review Letters They deal with physics practicum and laboratory works in mechanics and molecular physics, electricity and magnetism This article presents the description of laboratory works in optics that have been published recently.
Keywords: general physics practicum, physical phenomenon, optics, interference, diffraction, spectra, polarization, laboratory work.

References [in Russian]

• SokolovA.P.The Physical Practicum. The textbook to exercises for beginners in the physical laboratory, composing by the Physics Institute of the Moscow University. M., 1909.
• KozlovV.I.The Anthology of the General Physical Practicum. P. 1. Mechanics. M., 2010.
• KozlovV.I.The Anthology of the General Physical Practicum. P. 2. Molecular Physics. M., 2010.
• Kozlov V.I. The Anthology of the General Physical Practicum. P. 3. Electricity and Magnetism. M., 2012.
• KozlovV.I.The Anthology of the General Physical Practicum. P. 4. Optics. M., 2012.
• Sokolov A.P.The Physical Practicum. Edition 2. M.-L., 1926.
• IakovlevK.I.The Physical Practicum. V. 2. M.-L., 1949.
• The Physical Practicum. Towards editorship of Iveronova V.I., 1955.

The Problems in the Foundations of Quantum Physics in Technical University
M.Yu. Konstantinov, A.N. Morozov, E.V. Smirnov
Department of Physics, Bauman Moscow State Technical University 5, 24nd Baumanskayast., Moscow, 105005, Russia
E-mail: seva09@rambler.ru
Received January 25, 2015                                                                                        PACS: 03.65

In this paper the problems in quantum physics which are set to the students of the Moscow Bauman State Technical University at seminars and for home job are considered in detail. The subjects of these problems include the wave properties of particles, uncertainty relations, stationary problems of quantum mechanics, the measurement of the physical quantities and the superposition principle. During the formulation of the problems the most interesting quantum phenomenon such as tunnel effect, the Ramsauer effect, Hofstadter experiment and so on are took into consideration. It is shown that the solutions of some kinds of the standard problems in quantum physics may be clearly illustrated by the results of the experimental studies are performed by means of the modern nanotechnologies. The importance of the study of quantum physics as an engineering science in technical universities is pointed out.
Keywords:quantum mechanics, the uncertainty principle, de Broglie’s waves, the
superposition principle, the problem of measurements.

References

• I.E. Irodov. The Problems in General physics. Textbook for high schools. 4th ed., fixed. – M: Laboratory of Basic Knowledge, 2001. – 432 pp. [In Russian].
• I.E.Irodov. The Problems in quantum physics.2nd ed., fixed. M: Laboratory of Basic Knowledge, 2006. 216 pp. [In Russian].
• V.L.Ginzburg,L.M.Levin,M.S.Rabinovich,D.V.Sivukhin.A Collection of Problems in General physics. In 5 v. B.5. Atomic physics. Physics of nucleus and elementary particles./Ed. By D.V. Sivukhin. 5th ed., erased. – M: FIZMATLIT; THE DEER, 2006. – 184 pp. [In Russian].
• V.A.Ovchinkin,A.O.Rajewski,Y.M.Tsipenyuk.A collection of problems in General physics. Part 3. Atomic and nuclear physics. The structure of matter. – M: Publisher MIPT, 2001. – 432 pp. [In Russian].
• G.P.Collins.STM rounds up electron waves at the QM corral. // Physics Today, v. 46 (11), 1993, p. 17-19.
• E.V.Smirnov. Wave properties of electrons in nano-objects. // Physics in Higher Education, vol. 18, n. 3, 2012, p. 80-91. [In Russian].
• S. Phark, J. Borme, A. Vanegas, M. Corbetta, D. Sander, J. Kirschner. Direct observation of electron confinement in epitaxial grapheme nanoislands. // ASC Nano, v.5, n.10, 2011. p. 8162-8166.
• E. E. Vdovin, Y. N. Khanin, Y. V. Dubrovsky etc. Visualization of wave functions of electrons in InAs self-assembled quantum dots using magneto tunneling spectroscopy. // Phys, I.v. 171, n. 12, 2001, p. 1365-1367.
• http://www.NT-MDT. Scanning probe microscopes and the tools of nanotechnology based on them. User guide Solver P.47.

A Brief Derivation of the Formula for the Abraham Force
V.I. Tsoy
Saratov State University,
410012, Saratov, Astrakhanskaya str. 83; e7mail: tsoyvi@info.sgu.ru
Received April 7, 2015                                                                        PACS: 41.20.Jb, 42.25.Bs

Two simple derivations of the formula for the electromagnetic Abraham force density in a matter is considered. These methods are available in the short lecture courses.
Keywords: electromagnetic momentum, Abraham momentum, Abraham force.

References

• TammI.E.Principles of theory of electricity. – Moscow: Nauka, 1989 [in Russian].
• LandauL.D.& Lifshitz E. M. The classical theory of fields. – Pergamon Press, 1971.
• SkobeltsynD.V.// Phys. Usp. 1973, V. 16, P. 381.
• GinzburgV.L .& Ugarov V. A . // Phys. Usp. 1976, V. 19,P. 94.
• GriffitsD.J.// Am. J. Phys. 2012, V. 80 (1), P. 7.
• BornM.& Wolf E. Principles of optics. – Moscow: Nauka, 1989 [in Russian].
• NikolskyV.V.Electrodynamics and propagation of radio waves. – Moscow: Nauka, 1973 [in Russian].
• Jackson J. D. Classical Electrodynamics. – New York: Wiley, 1962.

Research of Distribution of the Magnetic Field in the Multilayered Solenoid of Finite Length
N. P. Yurkevich, G.K. Sauchuk, P. G. Kuzhir
Belarusian National Technical University; e3mail:   npyurkevich@mail.ru
Received April 7, 2015                                                                         PACS: 41.20-q, 07.55.Ge

The theory of a magnetic field of the multilayered solenoid of finite length with any number of rounds is presented in article. The method of experimentaland theoretical studying of distribution of a magnetic field of the solenoid in laboratory studies in physics course for students of engineering and technical qualifications is shown. Results of measurements, and also results of theoretical calculation of induction of a magnetic field in the solenoid according to specially developed program are given.
Keywords:magnetic field, solenoid, a Hall sensor, methodological support.

References [in Russian]

• Kuzhir P.G., Yurkevicz N.P. The evolution of education: design problems. – Minsk: Tehnoprint, 2003.
• Kuzhir P.G., Yurkevicz N.P., Postankevich S.A. Model-based approach to teaching students of engineering specialties. // The world of technology, № 3, 2002, p. 59-62.
• Sivukhin D.V. The general course of physics. – M.: Nauka, 2004.
• Matveev A.N. General physics course. – M.: Higher School, 1983.
• Saveliev I.V. General physics course. – M.: Astrel, 2003.
• Herods I.E. Basic laws of electromagnetism. – M.: Higher School, 1991.
• Kuzhir P.G., Jurkiewicz N.P, Savchuk G.K. General Physics: electricity and magnetism. Collection of problems. – Minsk: Izd Grevtsova 2013.
• YurkeviczN.P.,Savchuk G.K., Kuzhir P.G. Differentiation of the flow of information on the practical lessons on physics course with students of technical specialties. // Proceedings of the IV International Scientific and Practical. Conference “Aviation history. Present and Prospects of Development “, Minsk, 22 May 2014, p. 307-309.
• Kuzhir P.G., Yurkevicz N.P., Postankevich S.A. On improving the efficiency of teaching general physics course for students of engineering specialties. // Physics in Higher Education, vol. 8, № 2, 2002, p. 42-46.
• Kuzhir P.G., Yurkevicz N.P., Savchuk G.K., Baranov A.A. The methodology of practical training on general physics with students of technical specialties. // Proceedings of the international scientific-practical conference. “Actual problems of science and their teaching.” Mogilev, February 20-22, 2013, p. 59-61.

The Zeroth Law of Thermodynamics and Experiment with Three Vessels Containing Cold, Warm and Hot Water
G.M. Trunov
PermNational Research Polytechnic University
614990, Perm, Komsomolskiy prospect, 29; e3mail: plazma@perm.ru
Reсeived March 23, 2015                                                                                      PACS: 05-70-а

It is shown that ignoring the zeroth law of thermodynamics can lead to errors in study of thermodynamic processes. In particular, misinterpreted results of well-known experiments with three vessels containing cold, warm and hot water.
Keywords: temperature, thermodynamics, thermodynamic equilibrium.

References

• I.R. Krichevsky. Concepts and fundamentals of thermodynamics. – Moscow: Publishing house

Chemistry”, 1970. – 440 p. [In Russian].

• T.A.Bushina,V.I.Nikolaev.“Eternal barriers” in the course of General Physics // Materials XII International Scientific Conference. V. 1. – Petrozavodsk: – Publishing House Petrozavodsk State University, 2013. – 390 p. [In Russian].
• A.Einstein,L.Infeld.The Evolution of Physics. – Moscow-Leningrad: Publishing House OGIZ, 1948. – 273 p. [In Russian].
• G. Hegel. Encyclopedia of Philosophy. V. 1. Science of Logic. – Moscow: Publishing house “Thought”, 1975. – 452 p. [In Russian].
• The zeroth law of thermodynamics. Internet resource http://mipt1.ru/fileutf.php?type=2_fiz&id=1 [In Russian].
• The zeroth law of thermodynamics. Internet resource http://abakanholod.ru/holod/index11df.html?catid=35:2011-01-02-14-54-47&id=54:2011-01-02-15-46-07&Itemid=56&option=com_content&view=article [In Russian].

Methodic Recommendations for the Study of the Maxwell Distribution
E.N. Aksenova
National research nuclear University MEPHI
115409 Moscow, Kashirskoe shosse, 31; e-mail: elen-aksenova@yandex.ru

Received April 8, 2015                                                                                           PACS: 01.40.gb

Described variant of lecture presentation of the subject «Laws Maxwell distribution of gas molecules in the random motion» in the course of General physics at the technical Universities. In the basis of presentation there is using of the task terms and the distribution functions properties that can simplify the process of understanding and remembering the meaning of each factor included in the distribution function by the students, ensuring error-free practical application of the various functions of the Maxwell distribution in relation to the tasks.
Keywords: distribution function, thermodynamic equilibrium gas, the speed of random motion of molecules, Maxwell distribution.

References [in Russian]

• IrodovI.E.Basic laws of physics. Physics macrosystems – FIZMATLIT, Moscow – St.-Petersburg, 2001.
• Savelyev I.V. Course of General physics. In 5 vols. Vol.3.Molecular physics and thermodynamics– LAN, St. Petersburg, 2011.
• KalashnikovN.P.,SmondyrevM.A.Basis of physics. Volume 2. Basis of statistical physics and thermodynamics – OOO Drofa, Moscow, 2004.
• KuznetsovS.I.Physics course with examples solve problems. Molecular physics and thermodynamics under the editorship of Professor V. V. Larionov – The Publishing house of Tomsk Polytechnic University, 2011.
• AksenovaE.N.The head of the course “Thermodynamics”– Nobel Press, Moscow, 2013.
• SivukhinD.General course of physics. Vol. II. Thermodynamics and molecular physics – Publishing house “Nauka”, Moscow, 1975.

Evolution of the Effectiveness Concept of the Thermal Machine: from Carnot, Clausius and Kelvin to Nuclear Energetic Plants
Yu.G. Rudoy, M.V. Syomin
People’s Friendship University of Russia; e-mail: rudikar@mail.ru
Received May 14, 2015                              PACS: 05.70 – a, 05.70. Ce, 05.70. Fh, 05.70. Ln

It is shown that one of main problems of classic thermodynamics, i.e. the evaluation of the higher limit of effectiveness of real thermal machine, is not finally solved and may be the object of further investigations. The point is that in fact there are many deviations
from those ideal conditions which were supposed by Carnot – in first place, the condition
of quasi%statical of thermodynamic processes in the Carnot cycle should be substituted by the finitness of the time of the Carnot cycle. Naturally, the values of real effectiveness are always strongly lower than Carnot’s value is, but nevertheless the property of universality is conserved.
Keywords:laws of the thermodynamics, heat pump, refrigerator, effectiveness of operation, Carnot cycle.

References

• Gelfer Ya.M. The history and methodology of thermodynamics and statistical physics. V. 1, Moscow, Higher School Education, 1969, 475 p. [in Russian].
• RudoyYu.G.The Effectiveness of the Thermal Machine in the Regimes of Thermal Engine, Heat Pump and Refrigerator// Physics in Higher Education. 2011, V. 17, № 4, P. 126 [in Russian].
• Thomson W. (Kelvin). On the restoration of mechanical energy from an unequally heated space // Philosophical Magazine. 1853, V. 5, P. 139.
• YvonJ. La pile de Saclay. Experience acquise en deux ans sur le transfert de chaleur par gaze comprime

// Reports of Foreign Scientists on the International Conference on the Peaceful Use of Nuclear Energy, Geneve, 1955 / GITTL, Moscow, 1956, V. 3, P. 7 [in Russian].

• СhambadalP.Les centrales nucleaires. Armand Colin, Paris, 1957, 58 p.
• СhambadalP.Evolution et Applications du Concept d’Entropie // Dunod, Paris, 1963, 280 p.
• NovikovI.I.Efficiency of atomic energy installation //Atomic Energy. 1957, V. 6, № 11, P. 305.
• NovikovI.I.Efficiency of atomic energy installation. Journal of Nuclear Energy II. 1958, V. 7, P. 125.
• CurzonF.L.,AhlbornB.Efficiency of a Carnot engine at maximum power output // American Journal of  Physics. 1975, V. 43, P. 22.
• VandenBroeckC.Thermodynamic efficiency at maximum power // Physical Review Letters. 2005, V. 95, P. 190602 (1–3).
• AndresenB.,SalamonP.,BerryR.S.Thermodynamics in finite time // Physics Today. 1984, V. 37, P. 62.
• MironovaV.A.,AmelkinS.A.,TsirlinA.M.Mathematical

About Numbers in Mathematics and in Physics
N.M. Kozhevnikov
Peterthe Grate St+Petersburg Polytechnic University 195251 Saint Petersburg, Polytechnicheskaya, 29; e+mail:  nkozhevn@mail.ru
Received May 25, 2015                                                                                        PACS: 01.40.Fk

It is shown that inherent immeasurability of irrational numbers used in theoretical physics models results in difficulties of these models experimental verification and should be taken into consideration when theoretical constructions (e.g. Laplace’s detrminism) are discussed. Descrete real numbers used in experimental physics as representatives of physical quantities makes no sense. Instead we should define a confidence interval where the measured value could be found with the definit probability. It requires critical discussion of equality and inequality of measured physical values.
Keywords: irrational numbers, Dedekind section, Laplace determinism, physical value estimation, confidence interval, trusting probability.

References [in Russian]

1. PoincareA.About the science. – M., Science, 1990. – 736 p.
2. LandauE.The fundamentals of analysis. – M.: State Publishing House for Foreign Literature, 1947.

– 182 p.

1. FikhtengolzG.M.Course of differential and integral calculation. – M.: Science, 1966. – 608 p.
2. ZaidelA.N.Mistakes of physical values measurement. – SPb.: “Lan’”, 2009. – 112 p.

Using Experimental Holography for Training Teachers of Physics
S.A. Pogozhikh
Novosibirsk State Pedagogical University
630126 Novosibirsk, Vilyuyski 28, NGPU, e-mail: spog@yandex.ru
Received May 28, 2015                                                                                              PACS: 42.40

The problems of teaching the basics of holography in the course of general physics. Here is shown the principles of the course «Holography and its applications». Examples are given for the graduating qualifying works on holographic theme.
Keywords: holography, teaching optics, teacher education.

References

1. S.A. Pogozhikh. Elements of experimental holography in the course of General physics/S.A. Pogozhikh// Physics in Higher Education, v. 7, n. 1, 2001, p. 59&64 [In Russian].
2. S.A. Pogozhikh. Нolography in the course of General physics/ S.A. Pogozhikh//The teaching of physics in high school, 2001, n. 21, p.90&92[In Russian].
3. S.A.Pogozhikh.Using experimental holography for training teachers of physics/ S.A. Pogozhikh // Proceedings of the XIII International educational conference “Modern Physics practicum” (Novosibirsk, 23&25 September 2014) M.: Publishing House MPhS, 2014, P. 112&113 [in Russian].

The Technology of the Physical Experiment: Sensitized Photоconductivity
M.A. Goryaev, I.O. Popova, A.P. Smirnov
Herzen State Pedagogical University of Russia;
e-mail: mgoryaev@mail.ru,timof3ira@yandex.ru,veter8808@mail.ru
Received January 11, 2015                                                                               PACS: 72.40. + w

The possibility of the technological learning and of the physical experiment culture development is considered in the task of photoelectric investigation of ZnO with the adsorbed dye. The main studies from the experiment setting to the interpretation of the obtained results are discussed.
Keywords:culture of physical experiment, photoconductivity spectra, sensitization of photoeffect by dyes.

References

1. GoryaevM. A. Materialy XI Mezhdun. Konfer. «FSSO-11». Volgograd, 2011, V. 1, P. 46 [in Russian].
2. Goryaev M. A. Materialy XII Mezhdun. Konfer. «FSSO-13».Petrozavodsk, 2013, V. 1, P. 54 [in Russian].
3. GoryaevM.A.,SmirnovA.P.// Physics in Higher Education, 2014, V. 20, № 2, P. 164 [in Russian].
4. Akimov I.A., Cherkasov Yu.A., Cherkashin M.I. Sensitized photoeffect. – Moscow: Nauka, 1980. – 384 p. [in Russian].

1. Akimov I.A., Goryaev M. A. // Zh. Fizicheskoy Khimii, 1984, V. 58, № 5, P. 1104 [in Russian].
2. Goryaev M. A. // Optics and Spectroscopy, 1980, V. 49, № 6, P. 625.
3. Goryaev M. Fizicheskie osnovy fotokhimii tverdogo tela. Fotoliz neorganicheskikh tverdykh tel. Saarbrucken: Lambert Acad. Publ., 2013, 144 p. [in Russian].
4. Povkhan Т.I., Demidov К.B., Akimov I.A. // Pribory i tekhnika experimenta, 1974, № 3, P. 217 [in Russian].
5. Goryaev M. A., Tazitdinov V.A. // Soviet Journal of Optical Technology, 1979, V. 46, № 10, P. 632.
6. Goryaev M. A. Solving Physics Problems on a Computer. St. Petersburg: LETI Publ., 2008, 64 p. [in Russian].

Teaching-Research Physics Laboratory Work of Students is a Condition for Improving the Quality of Specialists’ Training
O.F. Lapanik, I.M. Slabzhennikova
FarEastern State Technical Fisheries University e-mail: lapanikof@rambler.ru
Received January 21, 2015                                                PACS: 01.40.-d, 01.40.gb, 01.50.Pa

References

1. Petrova S.N.// Young Scientist. 2011. V.2. № 10. Р. 173.
2. LapanikO.F.,SlabzhennikovaI.M.,JakovenkoL.M. // Physics in Higher Education. – 2014. – Vol.

20. – № 2. – Р. 78 [in Russian].

1. Berezhnova E.V., Kraevsky V.V. // Fundamentals of teaching-research activities of students. Academiya, Moscow, 2005 [in Russian].
2. BauloE.N.// Physics in Higher Education. – 2014. – Vol. 20. – № 2. – P. 65 [in Russian].
3. SlabzhennikovaI.M.,LapanikO.F. // Physics in Higher Education. – 2012. – Vol. 18. – № 1. – Р. 87 [in Russian].
4. G.S. Landsberg, Optics (Physmathlit, Moscow, 2003) [in Russian].
5. T.I. Trofimova, Physics course (Akademiya, Moscow, 2012) [in Russian].
6. N.G. Nasarov, Metrology. Basic conceptions and mathematical models (Higher school, Moscow, 2002) [in Russian].

Computer 3D Modeling of Rotational Motion in Student’s Virtual Projects
A.V. Baranov
Novosibirsk State Technical University
Russia, 630092 Novosibirsk, K.Marx Prospekt  20, NSTU; e?mail: baranovav@ngs.ru
Received March 11, 2015                                                     PACS: 01.40.gb; 01.40.Fk; 01.50.H-

The project method is used in teaching physics. The Technical University’s second- year students are developing virtual projects – computer programs that allow for interactive virtual experiments with dynamic 3D visualization of simulated processes. This article discusses some examples of computer simulation of rotational motion.
Keywords: project method of teaching physics, computer simulation, rotational motion.

References

1. SavelyevI.V.General physics course. Vol. 1.Mechanics. Molecular Physics. – M.: Science, 1989. –

352 p. [in Russian].

1. SavelyevI.V.General physics course. V.2. Electricity and Magnetism. Waves. Optics. – M.: Science.

1988. – 496 p. [in Russian].

1. RizhikovS.B.,GrigorievD.A.,TikhonovM.A.Computer simulation of rattleback motion // Physics in Higher Education. – 2005. – Vol. 11. – No. 1. – P. 82-89 [in Russian].
2. DavydovA.A.Mathematical models for the study of the rotational motion of a small spacecraft // PhD Abstract. Moscow. – 2012. – 18 p. [in Russian] .
3. BrancazioP.J.Rigid-body dynamics of a football // Am. J. Phys. – 1987. – V. 55. – No. 5, May. – P. 415-420.
4. CongerD.Physics Modeling for Game Programmers. Thompson Course Technology PTR. ISBN 1592000932. – 2004. – 440 p.|
5. EliseevV.A.,PashkevichN.S.Formation of the basic concepts in the study of the topic “Dynamics of rotational motion” in the general physics course of the technical college // Physics in Higher Education. – 2010. – Vol. 16. – No. 1. – P. 17-21 [in Russian].
6. Zakirov R.R., Latypov I.I. Inertial forces on the example of experiment with a rotating platform // Physics in Higher Education. – 2014. – Vol. 20. – No. 4. – P. 82-89 [in Russian].
7. Kaplan H., Hirsch A. Gyroscopic Motion: Show Me the Forces // The Physics Teacher. – 2014. – Vol. 52. – January. – P. 30-33. View online: http://dx.doi.org/10.1119/1.4849150.
8. RimoldiniL.G.,SinghC.Student understanding of rotational and rolling motion concepts // Physical Review Special Topics – Physics Education Research – 2005. – Vol. 1. – No. 1. – P. 010102.
9. CarvalhoP.S.,SousaA.S.Rotation in secondary school: teaching the effects of frictional force // Physics Education. – 2005. – V. 40. – No. 3. – P. 257-265.
10. ButikovE.Precession and nutation of a gyroscope // European Journal of Physics. – 2006. – V. 27.

– P. 1071-1081.

1. BaranovA.V.Virtual projects and problem-active approach in teaching physics at the Technical University // Physics in Higher Education. – 2012. – Vol.18. – No. 4. – P. 90-96 [in Russian].
2. BaranovA.V.,BorynyakL.А.,ZakovryashinaО.V.Student’s virtual projects in the physics laboratory practicum of the specialized lyceum // Open and Distance Education. – 2014. – № 2 (54). – P. 40- 44 [in Russian].
3. BaranovA.V.Organization of student’s project activity of developing virtual labs for physical practicum // III AllRussian Scientific-Practical Conference “Information Technologies in Education of the XXI century. Proceedings. – M.: MEPhI. – 2013. – P. 314-317 [in Russian].

On the Problem of Practical Classes Arrangement for Students of a Civil Engineering Faculty of a University
D.V. Elakhovskiy
Petrozavodsk State University,
185910 Petrozavodsk, Russisn Federation, Lenin St, 33; e-mail: Elahovsky@mail.ru
Received May 30, 2015                                                                                       PACS: 01.40. gb

The article presents an algorithm of arrangement for practical classes in physics at a civil engineering faculty with consideration for future graduates’ professional activities. Unlike the traditional methodological support of the course practical part the proposed algorithm provides the opportunity for the students to learn about the problems of physical environment structural engineering that will ensure both people’s comfort and adherence to specifications. Such approach will contribute to the motivation component of the educational process.

References

1. D.V.Elakhovsky.Learning motivation in the course of physical education process of students of civil engineering faculty. / Physics in Higher Education, v. 19, n. 4, 2013, p. 74-81 [in Russian].
2. D.V.Elakhovsky,I.A.Malinenko.Physical basis for building climatology. – Petrozavodsk: Publishing House of Petrozavodsk State University, 2008. – 102 p.[in Russian].
3. D.V.Elakhovsky,I.A.Malinenko.Physical basis for architectural acoustics. – Petrozavodsk: Publishing House of Petrozavodsk State University, 2008. – 130 p. [in Russian].
4. D.V.Elakhovsky,I.A.Malinenko.Physical basis for light engineering. – Petrozavodsk: Publishing House of Petrozavodsk State University, 2013. – 48 p. [in Russian].

Technology of Formation of Critical Thinking in the Physical the Laboratory Practicum
A.V. Chernykh
Moscow Pedagogical State University119992, Moscow, 29; Malaya Pirogovskaya
e-mail: fu3rh@mail.ru

Received May 17, 2015                                                                       PACS: 01.40.-d, 01.40.Fk

This article describes the technology of formation of critical thinking of students in the physical the laboratory practicum.
Keywords: laboratory classes; critical thinking; receptions of critical thinking.

References [in Russian]

1. GalaktionovaT.G.From self-knowledge to to self-realization: Staff – Technology educational activities. – SPb .: Institute of Special Pedagogy and Psychology, 1999. – 156 p.
2. Critical Thinking: A Statement of Expert Consensus for Purposes of Educational Assessment and Instruction. Executive Summary) // Dr. Peter A. Facione (Dean of the College of Arts and Sciences,

Santa Clara University).

1. Panfilov A.P.Interactive technologies of formation of communicative competence of the leaders in

the socio-cultural  sphere: The thesis for the degree of Doctor of Pedagogical Sciences. – SPb., 2001. – 441 p.

1. PuryshevaN.S.,ChernykhA.V.Theoretical and methodological bases of modular technology of training general physics students of technical colleges / N.S. Purysheva, A.V. Chernykh. – 189 p. M.:

Publishing house MFS, 2014.

Specificity Shaping Critical Thinking of Students of Technical Colleges in the Process of Learning Physics
A.V. Chernykh
Moscow Pedagogical State University119992, Moscow, 29; Malaya Pirogovskaya
e-mail: fu3rh@mail.ru

Received May 19, 2015                                                                       PACS: 01.40.-d, 01.40.Fk

This article discusses the technology shaping of critical thinking of students of technical colleges in the study of physics. There are three phases of formation of critical thinking: the challenge - comprehension - reflection and their functions. Is described the mechanism of reflection at the level of the educational process in the mode of development of the technology of critical thinking.
Keywords: critical thinking, invocation, comprehension, of reflation, information.

References [in Russian]

1. BustromR.The development of creative and critical thinking. – M .: Publishing House of the Institute of “Open Society”, 2000. – 200 p.
2. ZagashevI.O.Critical thinking: technology development / I.O. Zagashev, S.I. Zaire – Beck. – SPb.: Scythia, 2003. – 284 p.
3. CraigG.Developmental Psychology. / H. Craig. – Spb.: «Peter», 2000. – 922 p.
4. PuryshevaN.S.,ChernykhA.V.Theoretical and methodological bases of modular technology of training general physics students of technical colleges / N.S. Purysheva, A.V. Chernyh. – 189 p. – M.: Publishing house MFS, 2014.
5. TempleC.,MeredithK.,J.Steele.How children learn: Body basics. M.: Publishing House of the Institute of «Open Society», 1997.
6. http://www.sworld.com.ua/simpoz2/162.pdf, the date of treatment 08/06/2014 Mr.
7. https://ru.wikipedia.org, the date of treatment 18/08/2014.