Physics in Higher Education The contents
Solution of XIth of International Conference "Physics in the System of Modern Education" (PSME_11) The authors describe the history of creation and sum up a forty-year work of the Higher School of Physicists (HSPh) named by N.G. Basov of NRNU MEPHI. The prospects of the development of the higher school of physicists are discussed for the foreseeable future.
To the Problem of the Interdisciplinary Mathematical Natural-Science Education We formulate suggestions reflecting the modern trends in higher and postgraduate education in Russia and abroad. It is offered a set of cultural and professional skills which can be reached in the process of fundamental natural-science education.
Problem-oriented Courses in Practical Physics at the Technical University. Experience of Application In this article is given the experience of the creation and introduction of the problem oriented laboratory works in physics at the Department of Physics of Moscow State Technical University, named by N.E. Baumann, in Moscow State University of Communication Means (MIIT) and in other universities both for full-time study and under the conditions of open education. The Video tutoring system for admission to the laboratory works and a number of remote laboratory works is described. Concept and Model of the Methodical System of Teaching Students the Method of Numerical Simulation This article introduces the concept and model of the methodical system of teaching students the method of numerical simulation. Feature of methodical system is to train students the method of numerical simulation for bachelors and masters degree. In the article there are examples of disciplines included in the curriculum. Statistical Nature and Stochasticity (To a Question about the Methodical Value of the Concept of Ensemble in the Course of Physics) We have considered the sense of the terms "statistical" and "stochastic" and also their significance in the Physics teaching. On this ground we have introduced some criteria for distinction of classical and non-classical theories and have investigated the methodological importance of the approach based on the term "statistical ensemble" in the Physics course. The Lifetime and the Energy Spectrum width of a Moving Unstable Particles We have considered the invariance of the Heisenberg uncertainty relations with respect to the Lorentz transformation for a moving unstable particles in courses general and theoretical physics in teachers colleges and universities.
Origin of Adequate Statistical Concepts in Quantum Mechanics (To 70_th Anniversary of Publication of the Book "Quantum Processes" by Professor K.V. Nikol’sky) Origin of adequate statistical concepts in Quantum Mechanics in the form of description on the basis of the Gibbs ensemble is discussed. A fundamental contribution of wrongly forgotten professor K.V. Nikol’sky, who was a worthy member of Moscow school of Quantum Mechanics and a certain opponent of Copenhagen school, is analyzed. Unique Experience of Setting up Education in Physics in Extremely Short Time (To the 50th Anniversary of Fizmat Faculty of PFUR) Fifty years ago an unusual problem to set up education in Physics for young people from developing countries had been posed. It happened that this problem had to be solved in a very short period of time and under lots of uneasy initial conditions. What methods were found to be most efficient and who in particular proved his ability to solve that one problem –these are the main topics of the article. We hope that the experience in setting up education in Views of Louis de Broglie on the Teaching the Physicists The article considers the teaching activities of Louis de Broglie – Nobel laureate, one of the founders of the wave mechanics. His personal qualities as a teacher and his views on the methodology of teaching physics in technical universities are analyzed.
The Principle of Identity and its Consequences in Experiments on the Observation of the Spectrum of the Helium It is shown that with relatively simple and inexpensive equipment can be observed the spectral exchange splitting in the spectrum of helium as a consequence of the principle of identity of elementary particles.
Facility of Moodle Program in the Realization of Modular Training Principle Facility of Moodle program in the realization of modular training principle is discussed. As an example, the modular structure of discipline of "mechanic" and ways of the organization the unassisted students work in the Internet are described.
Physical Analogy between Electromagnetism and Hydrodynamics in the Learning Process The analogy between the equations of electrostatics and hydrostatics and between the equations of magnetostatics and hydrodynamics of the nonmagnetic ideal incompressible liquid is revealed. The results of the work allow to students better understand the unity of the laws of Nature. The teachers can save time in the study of certain sections of physics.
The Probe Technique of Constructing the Picture of the Electrostatic Field The article describes the technique of constructing the picture of the electrostatic field created by a charged electrode, in particular by a semi sphere. Corona point placed in different field points is used as a probe. By using it points with the same potentials equal to the potential of the corona beginning, i.e. points of an equipotential line, are found. The moment of the corona beginning is clearly determined with an oscillograph. The families of equipotential lines which are at different distances from the charged electrode are obtained and the electrostatic field picture is constructed. Comparative Analysis of Results of Incoming Test of Residual Knowledge of Physics for 1-st year Students of National Research Nuclear University MEPhI and Unified State Exam Results The question of this paper is to consider the ratio between the high requirements which high school has developed to entrants with their results of Unified State Exam. Results of incoming test of the 1-st year students NRNU MEPhI and the short analysis of level of residual knowledge of students on various sections of a school rate of physics are given. The main purpose of incoming test was to adjust the high school general physics program in view of the first-year students knowledge on physics. For the students with the under school preparations was explored and adopted the technique, which main purpose were to lead their knowledge, abilities, skills and competences up to the necessary level for the further assimilation of general education program of the higher vocational training.
Application of Case Method for the Laboratory Work in Physics Systematic principles of the case method for the laboratory work in physics are proposed. Characteristic examples of the laboratory work are presented, and the advantages of the method are discussed. The Effectiveness of the Thermal Machine in the Regimes of Heat Engine, Heat Pump and Refrigerator The systematic and full analysis of all main regimes and sub-regimes is given concerning the operation of thermal machine as a heat engine, heat pump and refrigerator. The definitions of four values of effectiveness are given in the detailed form and three relations between these values are stated. This allows choosing as an independent value the ratio of absolute temperatures of two thermostats – refrigerator and heater. The example is given how to use the heat pump as energy-saving device.
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