Physics in Higher Education
T. 14, N 3, 2008
The contents

3      Heuristic Significant of Planck Discovery for  Formation of Non-Classical Ensemble Conception in Physics
O.N. Golubjeva, A.D. Sukhanov,  L.V. Horunzhaja
22     Remarks Upon the Law of Complete Radiation
J.W. Strutt (Baron Rayleigh)
24     Brief History of Mass
E.F. Kondratyev, V.V. Fedotov
37     The Value and the Problems of Modern Physics Education
A.F. An, A.V. Samokhin
49     Physics in Military High School
N.M. Kozhevnikov, A.P. Pelevina, G.G. Spirin, V.G. Ukolov
51     Physical Mechanism of Diffusion in Various Media. I. Gases and Liquids
Yu.A. Popov, Yu.P. Rybakov, L.V. Khorunjzaya, G.N. Shikin
63     Physical Mechanism of Diffusion in Various Media. II. Liquids and Crystals
N.A. Koval'chukov, Yu.A. Popov, Yu.P. Rybakov, and G.N. Shikin
75     Definition of Abilities of Pupils by Means of the Olympiads, Tests and Computer Models
V.V. Monahov, S.V. Monahova
88      About Graphic Forms for Representation of Optical Waves Polarization
V.P. Ryabukho
94     Symmetry of the Problem is the Way of Finding Equipotent Points in Complex Electric Circuits
N.A. Tenyakova, O.V. Vashkevich
101    Application of Technical Training Aids in Lecture Course of Physics at the St. Petersburg State Maritime Technical University
R.H. Bekyashev, F.F. Legusha
106    Modern Learning Demonstrative Experiment
R.M. Chudinskiy
121    The Formation of Representations and Conceptions of Percolation Theory in Physics Practice in High Schools
A.Y. Dashina, V. G. Solovyev, S.D. Khanin, B.A. Sharonov
126    The Method of Image Dynamic Modeling
A.A. Gilev
133    Laue Experiment - the Possibilities of Computer Simulation
A.G. Khundjua, E.A. Brovkina, M.M. Melnikov
138    Abstracts
143    Information

Abstracts

Heuristic Significant of Planck Discovery for  Formation of Non-Classical Ensemble Conception in Physics
O.N. Golubjeva, A.D. Sukhanov,  L.V. Khorunzhaya
Russian Peoples Friendship University, Moscow, Russia
ogol@oldi.ru

The paper is devoted to describing of Planck contribution into modern non-classical Physics in historical aspect. The most important points of the initial period of non-classical Physics establishing and their significance for the quantum ideas formation are investigated. In the contrary of commonly accepted point of view is said that Planck discovery one can not only bring to the idea of energy quantization, but it has more wide sense. 
Among   the most outstanding Planck ideas   the next are emphasized:  introducing of two fundamental constants of stochastic influence (which now are called Planck and Boltzmann constants) into physical reality; statements of the threshold character of stochastic action for quantum system determined by Planck constant; idea of identity of micro- particles, and prevision about some features of ensemble description in non-classical Physics.

Remarks Upon the Law of Complete Radiation
J.W. Strutt (Baron Rayleigh)

The original article of Baron Rayleigh about black body spectrum published him at 1900 in .

Brief History of Mass
E.F. Kondratyev, V.V. Fedotov
Immanuel Kant State University of Russia

Short essay about the development of mass notions in classic and modern physics with distinguish of Koenigsberg - Kaliningrad scientists and teachers.

The Value and the Problems of Modern Physics Education
A.F. An, A.V. Samokhin
Murom Institute of the Vladimir State University

Didactic advantages of physics as subject matter define its status of the fundamental basis of modern education, the social and methodological importance in the course of formation and development of the person. The effective decision of existing problems of training at all levels probably as a result of creation personally focused system of continuous physical education using a wide spectrum of information-communication technologies.

Physics in Military High School
N.M. Kozhevnikov1, A.P. Pelevina2, G.G. Spirin3, V.G. Ukolov2
1Sankt-Petersburg State Polytechnic University
2Syzran'  Higher Military Aviation School of Pilots (Military Institute)
3Moscow Aviation Institute (the State Technical University)

Article is informed about a seminar "The Physics in military high school" on the Syzran spent to on the basis of Syzran' higher military aviation school of pilots. The seminar purposes are formulated; the basic discussed problems are listed. The recommendation to Scientifically-methodical council of physics of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation began the seminar main output to generate the section devoted to problems of teaching physicists in military high schools. Problems which have been discussed in the seminar decision are is short designated.

Physical Mechanism of Diffusion in Various Media.
I. Gases and Liquids
Yu.A. Popov, Yu.P. Rybakov, L.V. Khorunzhaya, G.N. Shikin
117198, Moscow, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia

The mechanisms of transport processes dealing with the thermal motion of atoms and molecules (diffusion, thermodiffusion, thermoconductivity, viscosity) are different in various media. The diversity of peculiarities for the mechanisms above seems to be the serious obstacle for their studying, and this is the main motivation for writing the present article. The latter unifies the fundamental representations of the transport processes in gases and liquids.

Physical Mechanism of Diffusion in Various Media.
II. Liquids and Crystals
N.A. Koval'chukov, Yu.A. Popov, Yu.P. Rybakov, and G.N. Shikin
Peoples' Friendship University of Russia

The mechanisms of transport processes connected with the thermal motion have some peculiarities characteristic for various media. The goal of this work was to discuss these peculiarities for liquids and crystals.

Definition of Abilities of Pupils by Means of the Olympiads, Tests and Computer Models
V.V. Monahov1, S.V. Monahova2
1Physical faculty of St. Petersburg State University
2Natural scientific faculty of St. Petersburg State University ITMO

Comparison of results of "usual" Olympiads of St.-Petersburg and the Internet-Olympiads in Physics for 2006 and 2007 is done. It is shown, that:
- "Usual" Olympiads allow estimating only theoretical knowledge and abilities, and at all do not reflect ability of participants to do any practical activities.
- The Internet-Olympiads on the basis of models allow estimating not only a level of knowledge, but also a level of skills of pupils.
- Histograms of distribution of number of participants depending on the resulting points are good tools of an estimation of complexity of tasks for the chosen category of pupils.
- The two-level gradation  of complexity of tests and practical tasks of the Internet-Olympiads provides good distinction of results of pupils depending on a level of their knowledge, skills and abilities.
- The Internet-Olympiads and "usual" Olympiads are not interchangeable: they are directed on achievement of the various purposes. The Internet-Olympiads, despite of all advantages, cannot replace "usual" Olympiads.
- High points which are received for executing of tasks for some level of complexity do not guarantee ability to carry out the task of higher level of complexity. And ability to carry out tasks of a high level of complexity gives some guarantees of ability to carry out tasks of lower level of complexity.

About Graphic Forms for Representation of Optical Waves Polarization
V.P. Ryabukho
The Saratov State University, Saratov, Astrakhan' st. 83

Institute of Problems of Exact Mechanics and Management of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Saratov, Rabochaya st. 24
Features of graphic representation of polarization of not monochromatic electromagnetic waves in training courses of physical optics are discussed.

Symmetry of the  Problem is the Way of Finding Equipotential Points in Complex Electric Circuits
N.A. Tenyakova1, O.V. Vashkevich2  
1 Stavropol Military Institute of Communication of Rocket Armies
2Stavropol State University

In the article the problems of calculation of resistance of a wire cube at various ways of its connection to a tension source are considered. For the decision of similar problems it is offered to use conditions of symmetry in an arrangement of points with equal potentials. It allows facilitating the process of calculation of resistance of similar schemes. It is shown that the considered technique can be applied to the cubes made from inductance or capacities.

Application of technical training aids in lecture course at physics at the St. Petersburg State Maritime Technical University
R.H. Bekyashev, F.F. Legusha
St. Petersburg State Maritime Technical University, St. Petersburg 190008
Lotsmanskaya 3, E-mail: Kfi@smtu.ru

Common requirements on lecture demonstrations for the lecture course at general physics are given. The paper contains the description of physics lecture-room with the set of technical training aids (TTA), including the television facilities. The list of demonstrations of the Department of Physics of St. Petersburg State Maritime Technical University and recommendations on using them are introduced here. The paper may be useful for physics high-school teachers and lecturers at relative subjects.

Modern learning demonstrative experiment
R.M. Chudinskiy
The Voronezh State Pedagogical University

The article covers the problems of organization, arrangement and usage of the modern learning demonstrative experiment while teaching physics using computer system of means of studying.

The Formation of Representations and Conceptions of Percolation Theory in Physics Practice in High Schools
A.Y. Dashina1, V. G. Solovyev2, S.D. Khanin1, B.A. Sharonov2 
1Herzen State Pedagogical University of Russia, St.Petersburg
2Kirov State Pedagogical University, Pskov

In this paper the strategy of percolation theory conception study, which is the basis of non homogeneous and disordered systems theory, is described. The learning research tasks which represents physics simulation of percolation effects and their study in natural experiment which uses model objects - the nanocomposites itself, is proposed.

The Method of Image Dynamic Modeling
A.A. Gilev
Samara State University of Architecture and Civil Engineering

In the present work the method of graphic dynamic modeling of processes and objects in practical work on solving of educational physical tasks in technical university is considered. This method is used for the conscious creation of integral task image of simple basic elements and for the evaluation of their influence on each other and on the model as a whole at dynamic change of condition, structure or state. It is noted that the quality of model depends on the presence of the developed number of elementary basic images at the subject and the level of activity formation on their manipulation. 

Laue Experiment - the Possibilities of Computer Simulation
A.G. Khundjua, E.A. Brovkina, M.M. Melnikov
Physical faculty of the Moscow State University of M.V. Lomonosov